Presidents

...will update list with Zero Factor tonight. :-)

Best wishes to everyone on Thursday!!!!

~Brittany
brittanydavies@gmail.com

Completed Review after Tuesday’s Review Session….another group Wednesday @ 12:00 in Library

EXAMINATION THREE

REVIEW

(TEXT CHAPTERS 8-11)

 

*Review by Fountain with Bass: Sunday, 11/11/07 @ 2:00

*Library Group Study Session: Tuesday, 11/13/07 @ 5:00

 

Political Participation and Voting
Political Participation	"Political activities, such as voting, contacting political officials, volunteering for a campaign, or participating in a protest, whose purpose is to influence government." (270)
The Right to Protest and The Bill of Rights	1st Amendment- Right to Assembly
Poll Tax Literacy Tests Grandfather Clauses	"Jim Crow"- devices used to prevent virtually all blacks from voting (275) -"State-imposed tax on voters as a prerequisite for registration."
The Voting Rights Act of 1965	Provided for the federal government to register voters in states that discriminated against minority citizens. (275)
Voting Eligibility and States	States determine who is eligible to vote.
Suffragettes	Women who led the activities (holding rallies, demonstrations, and protest marches) of the women's suffrage movement during the late 19thand early 20th centuries. (Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Carrie Chapman Catt.)
The Impact of Education and Income	More education, higher income > More likely to participate
Socio Economic Status	"Status in a society based on level of education, income, and occupational prestige." (288)
The Impact of Registration and Voter Turnout	2-step process (Photo ID) Tuesday Election (7am-7pm) America's turnout (rate of voter participation) is very low. About ½ of eligible voters participate in national presidential elections; 1/3 take part in midterm congressional elections; state & local even lower.
The National Voter Registration Act of 1993	"Motor Voter"- makes regristration easier, L-output… passed by Democrats)

 

Political Parties
Political Parties in Europe Compared to the U.S.	Europe- more loyal U.S.- Ticket Splitters
History of Presidential Elections in the U.S. (1789-2000)	FDR, gets America out of Depression (Dem. Become majority party for 36 years)
Roosevelt's New Deal Coalition
Creation of the Republican Party	Kansas-Nebraska Act………..
Electoral Realignment	New party takes over, & becomes Dominant party…. Balance redefined
Single Member Districts vs. Proportional Representation	Multiple member districts = proportion of Gov. officials
Majority, Super Majority, and Plurality	50% +1 2/3 or ¾ Most votes (not necessarily majority)
Caucus	Closed meeting (Iowa Caucus)
Purpose of the National Party Conventions	Every 4 years, nominate candidates, determine rules, & platforms
National Party Platforms	Views & Standpoints (in documentation)
National Committee Major Activities	Raise money, Promote Ideals, and Policy
Party Activists	People who do something Involved
Democrats and Republicans (The Surveys)	Dem- beer drinkers, rectangle sandwiches……then other stuff …to be added
Republicans and Democrats – Issues and Philosophies	Dem- Domestic Policy Rep- Foreign Policy
Voter Perceptions and Political Parties	PERCEPTION (text)

 

Campaigns and Elections
Off Year / Midterm Elections	Non-presidental election years (every 2)
Electoral Districts	Based on Population (800,000 per representative) …Redrawn every 1- years.
Popular Votes Lost – Electoral Votes Won	3 times in history (2000 election… Bush & Gore) (Hayes & ?) (?&?) &&***
Incumbents / Challengers	Already holding office… & Canidate running for office already held
Super delegates	Summer Conventions… Democrats
Hard Money / Soft Money	Given Directly to Canidate Given to Dem/Rep Committee "gets lost in the shuffle"
Buckley v. Valeo	Free Speech- giving money to your own campaign
Types of Primaries (See A.C.E.)	Closed (42) Open (5) Wide Open, "Blanket" (3)
PACS (See A.C.E.)	Political Action Committee

 

Groups and Interests
Pluralism	"The theory that all interests are and should be free to compete for influence in the government. The outcome of this competition is compromise and moderation." (A34)
Madison, The Federalist Papers,     and Factions	"A series of essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay supporting the ratification of the Constitution." (A30)   Parties
Types of Interest Groups	Professional, Union, Public Interest
National League of Cities AMA Common Cause	Public Sector Group American Medical Association Common Interest
Free Riders	"Those who enjoy the benefits of collective goods but did not participate in acquiring them." (A30)   >>Piggy back on other people's involvement
Income, Education, And Interest Group Membership
Lobbying	"A strategy by which organized interests seek to influence the passage of legislation by exerting direct pressure on members of the legislature." (A32)
Iron Triangle	"The stable, cooperative relationship that often develops among a congressional committee, an admisistrative agency, and one or more supportive interest groups drawn together by a specific policy issue." (A31)   Congressional Committes Interest Grouos Executive Branch
Grass Roots Pressure	Grassroots Mobilization- "A lobbying campaign in which a group mobilizes its membership to contact government officials in support of the group's position."

 

Selected Presidential Elections in American History

 

 

Constitutional Amendments
1	SPARP
12	President & VP is a Package
15	Black Voting Rights.
17	Direct Election of U.S. Senators
19	Women's Right to Vote
23	Washington DC gets 3 Electoral Votes
24	No Pole Taxes
26	18-19-20, Right to Vote.

EXAMINATION THREE

REVIEW

(TEXT CHAPTERS 8-11)

 

*Review by Fountain with Bass: Sunday, 11/11/07 @ 2:00

*Library Group Study Session: Tuesday, 11/13/07 @ 5:00

 

Political Participation and Voting
Political Participation	"Political activities, such as voting, contacting political officials, volunteering for a campaign, or participating in a protest, whose purpose is to influence government." (270)
The Right to Protest and The Bill of Rights
Poll Tax Literacy Tests Grandfather Clauses	"Jim Crow"- devices used to prevent virtually all blacks from voting (275) -"State-imposed tax on voters as a prerequisite for registration."
The Voting Rights Act of 1965	Provided for the federal government to register voters in states that discriminated against minority citizens. (275)
Voting Eligibility and States	States determine who is eligible to vote.
Suffragettes	Women who led the activities (holding rallies, demonstrations, and protest marches) of the women's suffrage movement during the late 19thand early 20th centuries. (Led by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, and Carrie Chapman Catt.)
The Impact of Education and Income
Socio Economic Status	"Status in a society based on level of education, income, and occupational prestige." (288)
The Impact of Registration and Voter Turnout	America's turnout (rate of voter participation) is very low. About ½ of eligible voters participate in national presidential elections; 1/3 take part in midterm congressional elections; state & local even lower.
The National Voter Registration Act of 1993

 

Political Parties
Political Parties in Europe Compared to the U.S.
History of Presidential Elections in the U.S. (1789-2000)
Roosevelt's New Deal Coalition
Creation of the Republican Party
Electoral Realignment
Single Member Districts vs. Proportional Representation
Majority, Super Majority, and Plurality
Caucus
Purpose of the National Party Conventions
National Party Platforms
National Committee Major Activities
Party Activists
Democrats and Republicans (The Surveys)
Republicans and Democrats – Issues and Philosophies
Voter Perceptions and Political Parties

 

Campaigns and Elections
Off Year / Midterm Elections
Electoral Districts
Popular Votes Lost – Electoral Votes Won
Incumbents / Challengers
Super delegates
Hard Money / Soft Money
Buckley v. Valeo
Types of Primaries (See A.C.E.)	Closed (42) Open (5) Wide Open, "Blanket" (3)
PACS (See A.C.E.)	Political Action Committee

 

Groups and Interests
Pluralism	"The theory that all interests are and should be free to compete for influence in the government. The outcome of this competition is compromise and moderation." (A34)
Madison, The Federalist Papers,     and Factions	"A series of essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay supporting the ratification of the Constitution." (A30)
Types of Interest Groups
National League of Cities AMA Common Cause
Free Riders	"Those who enjoy the benefits of collective goods but did not participate in acquiring them." (A30)
Income, Education, And Interest Group Membership
Lobbying	"A strategy by which organized interests seek to influence the passage of legislation by exerting direct pressure on members of the legislature." (A32)
Iron Triangle	"The stable, cooperative relationship that often develops among a congressional committee, an admisistrative agency, and one or more supportive interest groups drawn together by a specific policy issue." (A31)
Grass Roots Pressure	Grassroots Mobilization- "A lobbying campaign in which a group mobilizes its membership to contact government officials in support of the group's position."

 

Selected Presidential Elections in American History

 

 

Constitutional Amendments
1
12
15	Black Voting Rights.
17
19	Women's Right to Vote
23
24
26	18-19-20, Right to Vote.